1 The Sommerfeld Free Electron Gas

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In the initial conditions, the white dots are electrons occupying allowed electronic states of energy less than the Fermi energy. The red line is the Fermi surface (a Fermi circle in 2D).

With run the inelastic scattering takes a few electrons from below the Fermi energy into states above the Fermi energy. Most of the electron states remain filled and are unaffected by the scattering.